patients will be excluded if they meet ≥ 1 of the following criteria based on current penn medicine respiratory guidelines and prior trials of non-invasive respiratory support: - respiratory failure related to other etiology (e.g. exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, acute pulmonary edema) - baseline oxygen requirement - diagnosis of acute or chronic hypoventilation - tracheostomy - claustrophobia - prior intubation during hospitalization - urgent need for endotracheal intubation - other contraindications to non-invasive respiratory support (glasgow coma scale lower than 8, absence of airway protective gag reflex, elevated intracranial pressure, upper airway obstruction) - patient dose not wave to receive the assigned intervention.

patients will be excluded if they meet ≥ 1 of the following criteria based on current penn medicine respiratory guidelines and prior trials of non-invasive respiratory support: - respiratory failure related to other etiology (e.g. exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, acute pulmonary edema) - baseline oxygen requirement - diagnosis of acute or chronic hypoventilation - tracheostomy - claustrophobia - prior intubation during hospitalization - urgent need for endotracheal intubation - other contraindications to non-invasive respiratory support (glasgow coma scale lower than 8, absence of airway protective gag reflex, elevated intracranial pressure, upper airway obstruction) - patient dose not wave to receive the assigned intervention.