inclusion criteria: a. cases: patients with ald and covid-19 pneumonia: clinical, imaging, laboratory, and/or histological diagnosis of alcoholic cirrhosis and/or alcoholic hepatitis child pugh score 5-8, serum creatinine <3, model for end stage liver disease score (meld) <25 diagnosis of covid-19 pneumonia as defined by the who criteria: confirmed sars-cov-2 infection by pcr, evidence of bilateral pulmonary infiltrates on chest radiograph (cxr) or computed tomography (ct) and spo2 <93% or on oxygen supplement age of 21 years or older b. controls: patients without alcoholic liver disease (non-ald) and covid-19 pneumonia: diagnosis of covid-19 pneumonia as defined by the who criteria: confirmed sars-cov-2 infection by pcr, evidence of bilateral pulmonary infiltrates on chest radiograph (cxr) or computed tomography (ct) and spo2 <93% or on oxygen supplement age of 21 years or older

inclusion criteria: a. cases: patients with ald and covid-19 pneumonia: clinical, imaging, laboratory, and/or histological diagnosis of alcoholic cirrhosis and/or alcoholic hepatitis child pugh score 5-8, serum creatinine <3, model for end stage liver disease score (meld) <25 diagnosis of covid-19 pneumonia as defined by the who criteria: confirmed sars-cov-2 infection by pcr, evidence of bilateral pulmonary infiltrates on chest radiograph (cxr) or computed tomography (ct) and spo2 <93% or on oxygen supplement age of 21 years or older b. controls: patients without alcoholic liver disease (non-ald) and covid-19 pneumonia: diagnosis of covid-19 pneumonia as defined by the who criteria: confirmed sars-cov-2 infection by pcr, evidence of bilateral pulmonary infiltrates on chest radiograph (cxr) or computed tomography (ct) and spo2 <93% or on oxygen supplement age of 21 years or older

inclusion criteria: a. cases: patients with ald and covid-19 pneumonia: 1. clinical, imaging, laboratory, and/or histological diagnosis of alcoholic cirrhosis and/or alcoholic hepatitis 2. child pugh score 5-8, serum creatinine <3, model for end stage liver disease score (meld) <25 3. diagnosis of covid-19 pneumonia as defined by the who criteria: confirmed sars-cov-2 infection by pcr, evidence of bilateral pulmonary infiltrates on chest radiograph (cxr) or computed tomography (ct) and spo2 <93% or on oxygen supplement 4. age of 21 years or older b. controls: patients without alcoholic liver disease (non-ald) and covid-19 pneumonia: 1. diagnosis of covid-19 pneumonia as defined by the who criteria: confirmed sars-cov-2 infection by pcr, evidence of bilateral pulmonary infiltrates on chest radiograph (cxr) or computed tomography (ct) and spo2 <93% or on oxygen supplement 2. age of 21 years or older

inclusion criteria: a. cases: patients with ald and covid-19 pneumonia: 1. clinical, imaging, laboratory, and/or histological diagnosis of alcoholic cirrhosis and/or alcoholic hepatitis 2. child pugh score 5-8, serum creatinine <3, model for end stage liver disease score (meld) <25 3. diagnosis of covid-19 pneumonia as defined by the who criteria: confirmed sars-cov-2 infection by pcr, evidence of bilateral pulmonary infiltrates on chest radiograph (cxr) or computed tomography (ct) and spo2 <93% or on oxygen supplement 4. age of 21 years or older b. controls: patients without alcoholic liver disease (non-ald) and covid-19 pneumonia: 1. diagnosis of covid-19 pneumonia as defined by the who criteria: confirmed sars-cov-2 infection by pcr, evidence of bilateral pulmonary infiltrates on chest radiograph (cxr) or computed tomography (ct) and spo2 <93% or on oxygen supplement 2. age of 21 years or older