- age < 18 years - active bronchopleural fistula - history of chronic and disabling respirator disease, requiring home oxygen treatment - chronic pulmonary arterial hypertension (pulmonary artery systolic pressure > 40 mmhg) - huge intrathoracic tumoral mass - electrical impedance tomography monitoring contraindications (as thoracic wounds or burns, electronic implantable devices) - hemodynamic instability (systolic pressure < 80 mmhg or mean arterial pressure < 60 mmhg, despite vasopressor drugs; and/or heart rate < 55bpm) - this patient may be included after recovered from hemodynamic instability - not drained pneumothorax or subcutaneous emphysema or bronchopleural fistula - patients at risk of intracranial hypertension development or post cardiopulmonary resuscitation (first 72 hours) - pregnancy - impossibility of monitoring with eit - not committed to full support or life expectation < 24 hours - legal responsible or clinical team refusal to participate in the study.

- age < 18 years - active bronchopleural fistula - history of chronic and disabling respirator disease, requiring home oxygen treatment - chronic pulmonary arterial hypertension (pulmonary artery systolic pressure > 40 mmhg) - huge intrathoracic tumoral mass - electrical impedance tomography monitoring contraindications (as thoracic wounds or burns, electronic implantable devices) - hemodynamic instability (systolic pressure < 80 mmhg or mean arterial pressure < 60 mmhg, despite vasopressor drugs; and/or heart rate < 55bpm) - this patient may be included after recovered from hemodynamic instability - not drained pneumothorax or subcutaneous emphysema or bronchopleural fistula - patients at risk of intracranial hypertension development or post cardiopulmonary resuscitation (first 72 hours) - pregnancy - impossibility of monitoring with eit - not committed to full support or life expectation < 24 hours - legal responsible or clinical team refusal to participate in the study.